mahiwaga

If not for the gravity of his xenophobic policies and the fact that so many people in the U.S. take him seriously, it’s absurd and hilarious that Donald Trump is citing the internment of Japanese Americans during WWII as justification for banning Muslim immigrants.

Even immediately after Pearl Harbor, Naval intelligence and the FBI concluded mass internment was unnecessary for security purposes. General Delos Carleton Emmons, the military governor of Hawaii under martial law, refused to comply with internment.

It was clear even then that the only reason Japanese Americans were interned was because of racism.

(crossposted on Facebook)

Against the Tide • 2004 May 20 • Ronald Takaki • yes! magazine

Government intelligence agencies, however, had come to the opposite conclusion concerning Japanese Americans. In late January, Lieutenant Commander K. D. Ringle of Naval Intelligence stated that there was no need for mass action against the Japanese. The FBI conducted its own investigation, and in February, director J. Edgar Hoover advised the attorney general that a mass evacuation of the Japanese could not be justified for security reasons.

Unlike their counterparts in California, Hawaii’s public officials also urged restraint and reason. Honolulu Police Captain John A. Burns refuted rumors of Japanese snipers firing on American soldiers during the attack on Pearl Harbor. In January 1942, the superintendent of public instruction sent a directive to all teachers: “The most helpless victims, emotionally and psychologically, of the present situation in Hawaii will be children of Japanese ancestry and their parents. … Teachers must do everything to help the morale of these people.”

General Delos Emmons, the military governor of Hawaii opposed efforts to intern Japanese Americans. In a radio address shortly after the Japanese attack, Emmons assured Japanese Americans: “There is no intention or desire on the part of the federal authorities to operate mass concentration camps. No person, be he citizen or alien, need worry, provided he is not connected with subversive elements.”

Despite the constant media spotlight on mass shootings, it’s true that gun deaths have decreased in the U.S., tracking the decrease in violent crime.

But what’s really happening is that trauma surgeons have gotten really good at taking care of GSWs.

Fatal GSWs have decreased from a peak of 7 homicides per 100,000 people in 1993 to 3.6 homicides per 100,000 people in 2013. Non-fatal gunshot wounds decreased by 63% from 725.3 non-fatal violent firearm crime victimizations per 100,000 people to about 174.8 non-fatal violent firearm crime victimizations per 100,000 in 2014. But the bulk of the decrease was between 1993 and 2000.

Gun Deaths Have Plummeted in the U.S.—But That Doesn’t Mean There’s Less Gun Violence • 2015 Dec 7 • Olivia Becker • Vice News

What will be really interesting to see what happens when the next generation of surgeons in this era of low reimbursements won’t want to work the same number of crazy hours covering Level I Trauma Centers. #‎KnifeAndGunClubs

…people are now surviving from many of the more dangerous wounds that would have killed them in previous years.

Trauma surgery: discipline in crisis. • 2009 Feb • Green, SM • Ann Emerg Med • PubMed

Throughout the past quarter century, there have been slow but dramatic changes in the nature and practice of trauma surgery, and this field increasingly faces potent economic, logistic, political, and workforce challenges. Patients and emergency physicians have much to lose by this budding crisis in our partner discipline. This article reviews the specific issues confronting trauma surgery, their historical context, and the potential directions available to this discipline. Implications of these issues for emergency physicians and for trauma care overall are discussed.

Given that many gunshots wounds are inflicted on the thorax, the fact that fewer people seem to be going into cardiothoracic surgery is also concerning.

The Future of Cardiothoracic Surgery… Dying Star or Supernova? • American Association for Thoracic Surgery

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